Zayed National Museum, the national museum of the United Arab Emirates, is located at the heart of the Saadiyat Cultural District in Abu Dhabi. The museum and its landscaped Al Masar Garden showcase the history, culture and, more recently, the social and economic transformation of the Emirates. The building’s form addresses the challenge of sustaining life in a desert environment and the strong cultural traditions of the UAE.
The museum’s five light-weight steel wings are part of the system of natural ventilation. Air vents open at the top of the towers, taking advantage of the negative pressure on the lee-side of the profile to draw hot air out from the atrium, assisted by the thermal effect of the heat build-up on the tips of the wings. Air that has been naturally cooled through pipes buried deep below the desert floor then flows into the atrium through a low-level ventilation system. The wings are glazed to channel natural light into the galleries below, and each one is individually tuneable.
The museum spaces are located within a mound, which has textured faceted panels that are an abstraction of the topography of Jebel Hafeet. The mound insulates the interior spaces from solar gain, forming a protective shield that prevents heat from entering the building. When visitors step inside the museum, the Al Liwan lobby and its light-filled atrium serve as both a meeting and orientation space, hosting performances such as traditional dance and poetry throughout the day.
Four pod-shaped galleries are suspended above the lobby and provide controlled environments to protect the sensitive artefacts on display. The towers’ triple-laminated glazing moderates the amount of daylight entering the lobby and the gallery spaces. The glazing includes a dense mesh interlayer, and each pod has a rooflight made of electrochromic glass that changes its transparency in response to outside light levels.
Each of the suspended galleries is curated to reflect a specific theme, while the connecting nodal spaces provide contextual information that tie them together. Visitors can choose their own route through the different galleries and make their way to the upper level via a sculptural spiral staircase or lifts. At ground level, there are also flexible gallery spaces for temporary exhibitions, a VIP lounge, restaurants and cafes.
Outside the museum building, Sheikh Zayed’s love of nature is represented by the Al Masar Garden, which physically links the building to the coast. Integrating landscape and heritage, the garden is intended as a new community asset, with spaces for socialising, play, and reflection. Visitors are also invited to take a shaded route from ground level to a viewing platform at the top of the mound, which offers panoramic views of the surrounding area.
Materials have been carefully selected to resonate with the local surroundings and mirror historic buildings across the seven Emirates, which reflect the changing colour of the sand in different locations. Building on this tradition, both the museum’s exterior and its interior spaces mirror the distinctive warm-white shade of sand that is found on Saadiyat Island.
